Browse every published article, from the latest research to earlier analysis. Use the page numbers below to explore the complete archive.
Response and remission rates varied substantially when researchers applied different symptom cutoffs to SHP465 trials. The terms should be read as operational definitions within the analysis, not as interchangeable evidence of recovery. Several definitions applied to existing data This post hoc report used two placebo-controlled adult ADHD trials of extended-release mixed amphetamine salts: a seven-week…
A pediatric trial found improved parent-rated achievement and other quality-of-life domains with lisdexamfetamine relative to placebo. These questionnaire findings concern perceived functioning, rather than directly measured grades or academic test gains. A specified quality-of-life outcome Banaschewski and colleagues reported outcomes from a seven-week randomized trial in children and adolescents aged 6–17 with ADHD. The full…
Adults who remained symptomatic during previous amphetamine treatment improved after lisdexamfetamine in a trial subgroup. With only two placebo participants in that subgroup, the analysis cannot establish a reliable comparative switching benefit. A subgroup selected from a larger trial Babcock and colleagues reanalyzed a four-week randomized placebo-controlled adult ADHD trial. Of 414 efficacy participants, 41…
A post hoc comparison favored lisdexamfetamine over extended-release mixed amphetamine salts when improvement was restricted to the highest clinician-rating category. The parent trial’s primary outcome did not show a difference between the active treatments. One trial, several ways of summarizing response López and colleagues analyzed a randomized, double-blind crossover classroom trial. Fifty-two children aged 6–12…
An exploratory analysis of lisdexamfetamine trials described symptom-item patterns across age and sex. It did not establish a validated age- or sex-based rule for predicting individual treatment response. Looking beneath a total score Weisler and colleagues reanalyzed two four-week placebo-controlled trials, one in children aged 6–12 and another in adults aged 18–55. They examined individual…
An imaging study associated greater delay discounting with activation during choices involving delayed rewards. The finding does not mean that an amygdala signal directly reveals how much a person likes an option or proves that delayed rewards were experienced as aversive. An observational study during abstinence Hoffman and colleagues compared 19 recently abstinent methamphetamine-dependent adults…
A small imaging study tailored monetary choices to each participant’s preferences. It found altered recruitment for easy versus hard choices in methamphetamine-dependent participants, but the recruitment difference did not explain their greater delay discounting. Difficulty depended on subjective value Monterosso and colleagues studied 12 methamphetamine-dependent participants and 17 controls. Initial hypothetical-money choices estimated how steeply…
A post hoc analysis did not find significant differences in SHP465 treatment effects between baseline sleep-quality groups. Some subgroup comparisons were significant and others were not, but that pattern alone does not demonstrate that sleep modified the treatment effect. Sleep was measured before treatment The analysis used a seven-week randomized, placebo-controlled, dose-optimization trial in adults…
Two definitions of executive-function improvement produced different response rates in analyses of SHP465 trials. A percentage cannot be interpreted accurately without identifying the rating scale and the rule used to classify a response. A post hoc analysis of existing trials Brown and colleagues analyzed two randomized, placebo-controlled adult ADHD trials of extended-release mixed amphetamine salts.…
Adverse events were less frequent during the randomized classroom phase of a lisdexamfetamine trial than during its preceding dose-optimization phase. That pattern does not, by itself, prove that adverse effects disappeared with time. Two phases selected different observation conditions The human trial enrolled children aged 6–12 years with ADHD. Four weeks of open-label dose optimization…
A small Japanese trial found that each of three lisdexamfetamine dose regimens improved ADHD symptom ratings more than placebo. Its results do not identify one dose as best for every child, or establish that a higher assigned dose necessarily produced a larger benefit. A four-arm, four-week trial Ichikawa and colleagues randomized 76 children and adolescents…
A college survey reported past-month stimulant use in 4% of analyzed respondents, but it could not separate prescribed use from nonmedical use. Its stimulant category also included methylphenidate products, so that percentage is not an amphetamine-specific misuse estimate. What the survey asked Vo and colleagues invited 17,450 undergraduates at one northeastern US university to complete…
An imaging study reported changes in gray- and white-matter indices within one to two hours of stimulant medication. The speed of those changes makes it particularly important to distinguish an MRI-derived structural measure from demonstrated tissue growth or repair. The medication exposure was mixed The study included 42 healthy controls and 36 adults with ADHD.…
A small preschool study characterized plasma exposure to lisdexamfetamine and its active metabolite, d-amphetamine. Its pharmacokinetic findings provide exposure information; the open-label symptom changes do not establish placebo-controlled efficacy. The study and its sampling subsets Childress and colleagues enrolled 24 children aged four or five years with ADHD in an eight-week, open-label, dose-optimization study. Treatment…
A comparison of spontaneous adverse-event reports can identify patterns worth investigating, but cannot establish how often an event occurs among all dextroamphetamine users. A larger share of reports is not automatically a greater patient-level risk. What the researchers analyzed Wang and colleagues conducted retrospective pharmacovigilance research using WHO VigiAccess and the FDA Adverse Event Reporting…
A laboratory study found that sensation seeking related to amphetamine self-administration, while a separate impulsivity dimension did not show the same relationship. Treating the combined personality scale as a single measure would obscure that distinction. Recruitment separated two correlated ideas Forty healthy emerging adults were recruited across combinations of high and low sensation seeking and…
A large healthy-volunteer study linked personality traits to different subjective amphetamine responses. Physical fearlessness was associated with greater arousal, while reward sensitivity was associated with greater euphoria. Feeling stimulated and feeling euphoric were distinct outcomes. Controlled doses, measured personality White and de Wit analyzed 286 healthy adults aged 18–35 years. Participants completed four sessions involving…
Dynamic communication between frontoparietal networks predicted working-memory performance in healthy adults, but the study did not establish a corresponding association with amphetamine-induced cortical dopamine release capacity. The two imaging measurements should not be treated as the same biological process. Task imaging and a separate dopamine challenge The study combined functional MRI during an n-back working-memory…
A controlled human experiment found changes between selected resting brain networks after methamphetamine, while within-network connectivity did not significantly change. The observed network changes were not significantly associated with subjective drug-effect ratings. A paired, placebo-controlled design Malina and colleagues studied 22 healthy young adults in two double-blind sessions. Participants received 20 mg oral methamphetamine or…
A four-week trial did not show that 6.25 mg extended-release mixed amphetamine salts improved pediatric ADHD symptoms more than placebo. This negative finding concerns the tested dose and formulation, and should remain separate from positive trials using other dosing strategies. A fixed low-dose comparison Mattingly and colleagues randomized 89 children aged 6–12 years to SHP465…
Among children and adolescents who had completed prolonged lisdexamfetamine treatment, continuing treatment better maintained several parent-rated functional and quality-of-life outcomes than switching to placebo. This withdrawal design answers a maintenance question in selected continuing participants. Who was randomized Banaschewski and colleagues reported secondary outcomes from a study involving an open-label treatment period of at least…
An amphetamine-suspension pilot showed improvement in classroom symptom ratings at 30 minutes, but its math-performance measures did not significantly improve at that time. The answer to how quickly treatment worked depended on the endpoint. A small trial focused on early onset Childress and colleagues enrolled 18 children aged 6–12 years with ADHD. After open-label dose…
A small crossover trial found faster and less variable responses after lisdexamfetamine, while guanfacine increased response variability. The single-dose schedule and timing of testing limit what this comparison can say about longer-term treatment with either medicine. A human placebo-controlled crossover El Masri and colleagues tested 22 children and adolescents with ADHD after lisdexamfetamine, extended-release guanfacine…
A laboratory-classroom trial found symptom and math-task benefits for a formulation containing equal proportions of d- and l-amphetamine. Because it compared the complete formulation with placebo, it did not isolate the contribution of either enantiomer. A selected, dose-optimized crossover sample Childress and colleagues enrolled 107 children aged 6–12 years with ADHD. After eight weeks of…
An extended-release mixed-amphetamine-salts formulation improved ADHD symptom ratings more than placebo in a four-week pediatric trial. Adverse events were also more common with active treatment, so the efficacy result and tolerability findings need to be considered together. A randomized dose-optimization trial Brams and colleagues randomized 264 children and adolescents aged 6–17 years to placebo or…
A nine-week comparison favored lisdexamfetamine over atomoxetine on total parent-rated functional impairment and two of six domains. The findings were secondary outcomes with uncorrected p values, and do not establish superiority across every aspect of everyday functioning. Who entered the trial Nagy and colleagues reported functional outcomes from a randomized, double-blind, dose-optimized trial involving 267…
In a small longitudinal fMRI study, sexual pictures produced greater activation than methamphetamine and neutral pictures in selected regions at the later abstinence assessment. Clear direct differences between the early and later assessments were not established in those regional comparisons. The same participants were scanned twice Yan and colleagues analyzed 20 adults with methamphetamine dependence…
One study reported different cognitive-control profiles in methamphetamine dependence and social media overuse. Its results do not establish that the two conditions are equivalent, or provide a clean causal ranking of their effects on the brain. Two experiments used separate participants Zhang and colleagues conducted human behavioral experiments involving working-memory span and an adapted AX…
Adults with a history of methamphetamine dependence showed less adjustment after a conflicting Stroop trial, despite no significant group difference in the usual within-trial interference effect. The distinction concerns learning from the immediately preceding trial, rather than a blanket failure on the Stroop task. An expanded human imaging sample Salo and colleagues studied 30 abstinent…
A study of adults abstinent from methamphetamine found greater slowing when participants anticipated having to stop, while estimated stopping speed did not differ significantly from controls. Preparation and last-moment cancellation therefore gave different accounts of inhibitory control. Two forms of inhibition in one task Dai and colleagues compared 35 adults with methamphetamine use disorder and…